Dog Ear Infection Symptoms. Understanding and Treating Dog Ear Infections. Dog owners often recognize the early signs of an ear infection…whining, scratching, and head shaking. These infections are common, especially in breeds with floppy ears like Basset Hounds and Cocker Spaniels. Around 20% of dogs experience some form of ear disease, affecting one or both ears. Fortunately, proper care and preventive measures can reduce the severity and frequency of infections.
Types of Ear Infections
There are three types:
- Otitis externa – the most common, affecting the outer ear canal.
- Otitis media & interna – infections of the middle and inner ear, often stemming from untreated outer ear infections. These can lead to deafness, facial paralysis, or balance issues. Early treatment is crucial.
Symptoms to Watch For
While some dogs show only wax buildup or discharge, many experience discomfort, including:
- Head shaking & scratching
- Dark discharge & odor
- Red, swollen ear canal
- Pain & itchiness
- Crusting or scabs in the ears
Causes of Ear Infections
Dogs are prone to infections due to their L-shaped ear canal, which retains moisture. Infections are often caused by bacteria, yeast, or ear mites (in puppies). Contributing factors include:
- Moisture buildup
- Allergies (50% of dogs with skin allergies, 80% with food sensitivities)
- Endocrine or autoimmune disorders
- Wax buildup & foreign objects
- Ear injuries or excessive cleaning
Diagnosing Ear Infections
If your dog shows symptoms, consult a vet promptly. Delaying treatment can allow infections to spread, causing severe complications. Your vet will ask about symptoms, medical history, medications, diet, ear cleaning habits, and recent activities like swimming or grooming.
A physical exam may include:
- Visual inspection for redness, swelling, or discharge
- Otoscope examination of the ear canal and eardrum
- Swab testing for microscopic analysis
- Culture testing in persistent cases
- Biopsies or X-rays for chronic conditions
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Treatment Options
Your vet will clean the ear with a medicated solution and may prescribe prescription ear drops. Severe cases may require oral antibiotics or anti-inflammatory medication.
Most infections clear up within 1 to 2 weeks, but chronic cases may take months. In extreme cases, surgery (Total Ear Canal Ablation) may be necessary to remove diseased tissue and prevent recurrence.
Following your vet’s treatment plan is essential. Finish all prescribed medication, even if symptoms improve, and attend recheck appointments to prevent resistant infections. Proactive ear care can keep your dog comfortable and infection-free. Monitor your dog’s behavior too!
Dog Ear Infections 101
Can a Dog’s Ear Infection Heal on Its Own?
No, most ear infections won’t resolve without treatment. All types of otitis require a veterinarian’s evaluation, as improper care…especially if the eardrum is ruptured…can worsen the condition. Certain cleaners and medications may be harmful to the middle ear.
What Happens if a Dog’s Ear Infection Goes Untreated?
Leaving an ear infection untreated can lead to permanent hearing damage and systemic illness. Severe infections may cause symptoms like loss of appetite or lethargy. Since ear infections are painful, prompt veterinary care is essential.
Can a Dog’s Ear Infection Spread to the Brain?
Though rare, a severe inner ear infection can potentially spread to the brain. Most infections affect only the external ear, but if left untreated, deeper infections can develop and lead to serious complications.
Are Dog Ear Infections Contagious?
Most ear infections are not contagious. However, if caused by ear mites, they can spread rapidly among pets. In such cases, all pets in the household should be treated at the same time.
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About The Author
Petworks Co-Founder Kevin Kinyon is a life-long animal lover who works tirelessly to improve the lives of pets and their parents. Human and animal qualities he values most are integrity, humor, and empathy.
